Lattice design for a very high brightness x-ray storage ring
Mentors: Ivan Bazarov and Richard Talman

	Extremely bright x-rays are being produced in large accelerators 
called storage rings when the trajectory of ultra-relativistic 
electrons is deflected by the strong magnetic field of a wiggler 
or undulator. These intense x-rays are used by scientists
from many disciplines to study problems as diverse as determining the
structure of proteins, to visualizing chemical reactions on atomic scale,
to characterizing dislocations in high quality semiconductors, to analyzing
rare paintings to reveal their age and underlying brushstroke technique,
helping identify or verify the artist. 
	The single most important quantity characterizing the x-rays (for 
most applications) is their brilliance, a measure of "pure" photons that 
can be delivered to samples. In order to produce high brilliance, it 
is essential for the electron beam to have a small "emittance" which is the 
product of its intrinsic size and its angular divergence. The emittance 
in turn is determined by the sequence of magnets that comprise the storage 
ring (its dipoles and quadrupoles), called the magnet lattice. The goal 
of this REU project is to refine the magnet lattice design of an upgrade 
to the existing Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR), which will become 
the brightest source of hard x-rays in the United States.